THE DEFINITION and staging of chronic kidney disease depends on the assessment of GFR, proteinuria, and other markers of kidney disease. The goals of Part 5 are to evaluate the accuracy of prediction equations to estimate the level of GFR from serum creatinine concentration, the accuracy of ratios of protein-to-creatinine in untimed (“spot”) urine samples to assess protein excretion rate, and the utility of markers of kidney damage other than proteinuria. As described in Appendix 1, Table 151, the Work Group evaluated studies according to accepted methods for evaluation of diagnostic tests. To provide a more comprehensive review, the Work Group attempted to integrate the systematic review of specific questions with existing guidelines and recommendations.
